3 Eras of Education
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Here’s a good quick read: Rethinking Education in the Age of Technology: The Digital Revolution and Schooling in America (Teachers College, 2009), Allan Collins & Richard Halverson. Doug’s post on three evolutions reminded me of chapter 6 of Rethinking: The Three Eras of Education. With some additions here’s a summary of the current industrial-era education, what was before, and what’s next.
| Factor | From | To | To |
| Responsibility | Parents | State | Individuals/parents |
| Expectations | Social reproduction | Success for all | Individual choice |
| Expectations | Practical sills | Disciplinary knowledge | Learning how to learn |
| Content | Books | Textbook | Learning objects |
| Pedagogy | Apprenticeship | Didacticism | Interaction |
| Assessment | Observation | Testing | Embedded assessment |
| Location | Home | School | Anywhere |
| Culture | Adult culture | Peer culture | Mixed-age culture |
| Relationships | Personal bonds | Authority figures | Computer-mediated interaction |
| Grouping | Mixed-age | Age cohorts | Individual progress |
Tom Vander Ark
Tom Vander Ark is the CEO of Getting Smart. He has written or co-authored more than 50 books and papers including Getting Smart, Smart Cities, Smart Parents, Better Together, The Power of Place and Difference Making. He served as a public school superintendent and the first Executive Director of Education for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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